Let the case of the slaves be considered, as it is in truth, a peculiar one. Let the compromising expedient of the Constitution be mutually adopted, which regards them as inhabitants, but as debased by servitude below the equal level of free inhabitants, which regards the SLAVE as divested of two fifths of the MAN. James Madison wrote The Federalist No. 54 defending the infamous three-fifths compromise, which allowed White southern slaveowners to aggregate political power on the backs of their Black slaves, without representing their interests in any substantive way.
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